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Az-Zubair told me that he quarrelled with an Ansari man who had participated in (the battle of) Badr in front of Allah's Apostle (SAW) about a water stream which both of them used for irrigation. Allah's Apostle (SAW) said to Az-Zubair, "O Zubair! Irrigate (your garden) first, and then let the water flow to your neighbour." The Ansari became angry and said, "O Allah's Apostle (SAW)! Is it because he is your cousin?" On that the complexion of Allah's Apostle (SAW) changed (because of anger) and said (to Az-Zubair), "Irrigate (your garden) and then withhold the water till it reaches the walls (surrounding the palms)." So, Allah's Apostle (SAW) gave Az-Zubair his full right. Before that Allah's Apostle (SAW) had given a generous judgment beneficial for Az-Zubair and the Ansari, but when the Ansari irritated Allah's Apostle (SAW) he gave Az-Zubair his full right according to the evident law. Az-Zubair said, "By Allah! I think the following Verse was revealed concerning that case: "But no by your Lord They can have No faith Until they make you judge In all disputes between them...." (4.65)
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that his father told him, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (saw) prayed for forgiveness for his nation one evening at Arafat, and the response came: "I have forgiven them, except for the wrongdoer, with whom I will settle the score in favor of the one whom he wronged." He said: "O Lord, if You will, then grant Paradise to the one who is wronged, and forgive the wrongdoer." No response came (that evening).The next day at Muzdalifah he repeated the supplication, and received a response to what he asked for. He (the narrator) said: "The Messenger of Allah (saw) laughed," or he said, "He smiled. Abu Bakr and Umar said to him: 'May my father and mother be ransomed for you, this is not a time when you usually laugh. What made you laugh, may Allah make your years filled with laughter?' He said: 'The enemy of Allah, Iblis, when he came to know that Allah answered my prayer and forgiven my nation, took some dust and started to sprinkle it on his head, uttering cries of woe and doom, and what I saw of his anguish made me laugh.'"
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard Rabia ibn Abd ar-Rahman say that a slave could marry four women. Malik said, "This is the best of what I have heard about the matter." Malik said, "The slave differs with the muhallil if the slave is given permission by his master for his ex-wife. If his master does not give him permission, he separates them. The muhallil is separated in any case if he intends to make the woman halal by marriage." Malik said, "When a slave is owned by his wife or a husband owns his wife, the possession of each of them is rendered void without divorce. If a man, for instance, is married to a slave-girl, and then he buys her, he must divorce her as a matter of course. They can then re-marry. If they re-marry afterwards, that separation was not divorce." Malik said, "When a slave is freed by his wife who owns him and she is in the idda-period from him, they can only return to each other after she has made another marriage."
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Once the Prophet sat on a pulpit and we sat around him. Then he said, "The things I am afraid of most for your sake (concerning what will befall you after me) is the pleasures and splendors of the world and its beauties which will be disclosed to you." Somebody said, "O Allah's Apostle! Can the good bring forth evil?" The Prophet remained silent for a while. It was said to that person, "What is wrong with you? You are talking to the Prophet (p.b.u.h) while he is not talking to you." Then we noticed that he was being inspired divinely. Then the Prophet wiped off his sweat and said, "Where is the questioner?" It seemed as if the Prophet liked his question. Then he said, "Good never brings forth evil. Indeed it is like what grows on the banks of a water-stream which either kill or make the animals sick, except if an animal eats its fill the Khadira (a kind of vegetable) and then faces the sun, and then defecates and urinates and grazes again. No doubt this wealth is sweet and green. Blessed is the wealth of a Muslim from which he gives to the poor, the orphans and to needy travelers. (Or the Prophet said something similar to it) No doubt, whoever takes it illegally will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied, and his wealth will be a witness against him on the Day of Resurrection."
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Malik related to me that he heard that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set foot in the stirrup intending to travel, he would say, "In the name of Allah. O Allah! You are my companion in the journey and the Khalifa of my family. O Allah! Spread out the earth for us and make the journey easy for us. O Allah! I seek refuge with You from the hardship of the journey and from returning to sorrow and a distressing sight regarding property and family." Malik related to me from a reliable source of his from Yaqub ibn Abdullah al-Ashajj from Bushr ibn Said from Sad ibn Abi Waqqas from Khawla bint Hakim that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever dismounts to rest in a place should say, 'I seek refuge with the complete words of Allah from the evil of what he created,' (audhu bi kalimati-llahi at-tammati min sharri ma khalaqa), and nothing will harm him until he remounts."
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Malik said, "I do not see that there is any harm in the Muslims eating whatever food they come across in enemy territory before the spoils are divided." Malik said, "I think that any camels, cattle and sheep (taken as booty) are considered as food which the Muslims can eat in enemy territory. If they could not be eaten until the people had gathered for the division and the spoils had been distributed among them, that would be harmful for the army. I do not see any objection to eating such things within acceptable limits. I do not think, however, that anyone should store up any of it to take back to his family." Malik was asked whether it was proper for a man who obtained food in enemy territory and ate some of it and made provision so that there was some of it left over to keep and eat with his family, or to sell before he had come to his country and make use of its price. He said, "If he sells it while he is on a military expedition, I think that he should put its price into the booty of the Muslims. If he takes it back to his country, I see no objection to his eating it and using it if it is a small insignificant thing."
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Yahya related to me the like of that from Malik from Ibn Shihab. Malik said, about a slave who divorced a slave-girl but did not make it absolute, "He can return to her. If he then dies while she is still in the idda from her divorce, she does the idda of a slave-girl whose husband dies, and it is two months and five days. If she has been set free and he can return to her, and she does not choose to separate after she has been set free, and he dies while she is in the idda from the divorce, she does the idda of a free woman whose husband has died, four months and ten days. That is because the idda of widowhood befell her while she was free, so her idda is the idda of a free woman." Malik said, "That is what is done among us."
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that his father said: "The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to pray facing the trunk of a date- palm tree when the mosque was still a hut, and he used to deliver the sermon leaning on that trunk. A man from among his Companions said: 'Would you like us to make you something upon which you can stand on Fridays so that the people will be able to see you and hear your sermon?' He said: 'Yes.' So he made three steps for him, as a pulpit. When they put the pulpit in place, they put it in the place where it stands now. When the Messenger of Allah (saw) wanted to stand on the pulpit, he passed by the tree trunk from which he used to deliver the sermon, and when he went beyond the trunk, it moaned and split and cracked. The Messenger of Allah (saw) came down when he heard the voice of the trunk, and rubbed it with his hand until it fell silent. Then he went back to the pulpit and when he prayed, he prayed facing it. When the mosque was knocked down (for renovation) and (the pillars, etc.) were changed, Ubayy bin Ka'b took that trunk and kept it in his house until it became very old and the termites consumed it and it became grains of dust."
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Once the Prophet (SAW) was seated in the mosquc and we were with him. A villager came and offered a brief salah and on finishing it he offered salaam to the Prophet (SAW). He said, "Go and offer salah. You have not offered it." He went back and repeated it and came back and greeted the Prophet (SAW) but he said, "Go and offer salah for you have not observed it." This happened twice or thrice. Each time, he came offered salaam and the-Prophet (SAW) told him to go and offer salah, for he had not done it. The people were worried because of that, imagining that whoever offered a brief prayer had not actually prayed. So, this man said finally. "Teach me, for I am a human who may be right as well as mistaken." The Prophet (SAW) said, "Okay! When you come for prayer, make ablution as Allah has commanded. Then call the adhan and the iqamah. Then if you remember something from the Qur'an, recite it otherwise praise Allah and extol him and recite "There is no God but Allah". Then go into ruku and bow down in a composed manner. Then stand up straight. Then go into sajdah in a careful way and then sit peacefully. Then stand up. If you do that then your salah is perfect but if there is a lapse then there will be a lapse in your salah."
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"When the Messenger of Allah (saw) became seriously ill, Bilal came to tell him it was time to pray and he said: 'Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.'" She said: "I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted man, and when he stands in your place he will not be able to make the people hear his voice; why don't you tell Umar (to do it)?' He said: 'Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.' I said to Hafsah: 'Tell him.' So she told him. He said: 'You are (like) the female companions of Yusuf. Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.'" She said: "So they told Abu Bakr. When he started to pray, the Messenger of Allah (saw) began to feel better, so he got up and came with the help of two men, with his feet dragging along the ground. (When) he entered the Masjid, Abu Bakr heard him coming and he wanted to step back, but the Messenger of Allah (saw) gestured to him: 'Stay where you are.' Then the Messenger of Allah (saw) came and sat on Abu Bakr's left, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) was leading the people in prayer sitting, and Abu Bakr was standing and following the Messenger of Allah (saw), and the people were following the prayer of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him." (Sahih)
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