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Allah's Apostle (SAW) set out for the Umra but the disbelievers of Quraish prevented him from reaching the Kaaba. So, he slaughtered his sacrifice and got his head shaved at Al-Hudaibiya, and agreed with them that he would perform Umra the following year and would not carry weapons except swords and would not stay in Makkah except for the period they allowed. So, the Prophet (SAW) performed the Umra in the following year and entered Makkah according to the treaty, and when he stayed for three days, the disbelievers ordered him to depart, and he departed.
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Once Allah's Apostle (SAW) heard the loud voices of some opponents quarreling at the door. One of them was appealing to the other to deduct his debt and asking him to be lenient but the other was saying, "By Allah I will not do so." Allah's Apostle (SAW) went out to them and said, "Who is the one who was swearing by Allah that he would not do a favour?" That man said, "I am that person, O Allah's Apostle (SAW)! I will give my opponent whatever he wishes."
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Allah's Apostle (SAW) said, "There is a Sadaqa to be given for every joint of the human body; and for every day on which the sun rises there is a Sadaqa (i.e. charitable gift to be given), the one who establishes justice among people is considered as a sadaqa."
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Ar-Rabi, the daughter of An-Nadr broke the tooth of a girl, and the relatives of Ar-Rabi requested the girl's relatives to accept the Arsh (compensation for wounds etc.) and forgive (the offender), but they refused. So, they went to the Prophet (SAW) who ordered them to bring about retaliation. Anas bin An-Nadr asked, "O Allah's Apostle (SAW)! Will the tooth of Ar-Rabi be broken? No, by Him Who has sent you with the Truth, her tooth will not be broken." The Prophet (SAW) said, "O Anas! Allah's law ordains retaliation." Later the relatives of the girl agreed and forgave her. The Prophet (SAW) said, "There are some of Allah's slaves who, if they take an oath by Allah, are responded to by Allah (i.e. their oath is fulfilled). Anas added, "The people agreed and accepted the Arsh."
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By Allah, Al-Hasan bin Ali led large battalions like mountains against Muawiya. Amr bin Al-As said (to Muawiya), "I surely see battalions which will not turn back before killing their opponents." Muawiya who was really the best of the two men said to him, "O Amr! If these killed those and those killed these, who would be left with me for the jobs of the people, who would be left with me for their women, who would be left with me for their children?" Then Muawiya sent two Quraishi men from the tribe of Abd Shams called Abdur Rahman bin Sumura and Abdullah bin Amir bin Kuraiz to Al-Hasan saying to them, "Go to this man (i.e. Al-Hasan) and negotiate peace with him and talk and appeal to him." So, they went to Al-Hasan and talked and appealed to him to accept peace. Al-Hasan said, "We, the offspring of Abdul Muttalib, have got wealth and people have indulged in killing and corruption (and money only will appease them)." They said to Al-Hasan, "Muawiya offers you so and so, and appeals to you and entreats you to accept peace." Al-Hasan said to them, "But who will be responsible for what you have said?" They said, "We will be responsible for it." So, whatever Al-Hasan asked they said, "We will be responsible for it for you." So, Al-Hasan concluded a peace treaty with Muawiya. Al-Hasan (Al-Basri) said: I heard Abu Bakra saying, "I saw Allah's Apostle (SAW) on the pulpit and Al-Hasan bin Ali was by his side. The Prophet (SAW) was looking once at the people and once at Al-Hasan bin Ali saying, 'This son of mine is a Saiyid (i.e. a noble) and may Allah make peace between two big groups of Muslims through him."
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Az-Zubair told me that he quarrelled with an Ansari man who had participated in (the battle of) Badr in front of Allah's Apostle (SAW) about a water stream which both of them used for irrigation. Allah's Apostle (SAW) said to Az-Zubair, "O Zubair! Irrigate (your garden) first, and then let the water flow to your neighbour." The Ansari became angry and said, "O Allah's Apostle (SAW)! Is it because he is your cousin?" On that the complexion of Allah's Apostle (SAW) changed (because of anger) and said (to Az-Zubair), "Irrigate (your garden) and then withhold the water till it reaches the walls (surrounding the palms)." So, Allah's Apostle (SAW) gave Az-Zubair his full right. Before that Allah's Apostle (SAW) had given a generous judgment beneficial for Az-Zubair and the Ansari, but when the Ansari irritated Allah's Apostle (SAW) he gave Az-Zubair his full right according to the evident law. Az-Zubair said, "By Allah! I think the following Verse was revealed concerning that case: "But no by your Lord They can have No faith Until they make you judge In all disputes between them...." (4.65)
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My father died and was in debt. I suggested that his creditors take the fruits (i.e. dates) of my garden in lieu of the debt of my father, but they refused the offer, as they thought that it would not cover the full debt. So, I went to the Prophet (SAW) and told him about it. He said (to me), "When you pluck the dates and collect them in the Mirbad (i.e. a place where dates are dried), call me (Allah's Apostle (SAW))." Finally he came accompanied by Abu Bakr and Umar and sat on the dates and invoked Allah to bless them. Then he said, "Call your creditors and give them their full rights." So, I paid all my father's creditors in full and yet thirteen extra Wasqs of dates remained, seven of which were Ajwa and six were Laun or six of which were Ajwa and seven were Laun. I met Allah's Apostle (SAW) at sunset and informed him about it. On that he smiled and said, "Go to Abu Bakr and Umar and tell them about it." They said, "We perceived that was going to happen, as Allah's Apostle (SAW) did what he did."
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That Kab bin Malik told him that in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle (SAW) he demanded his debt from Ibn Abu Hadrad in the Mosque. Their voices grew louder till Allah's Apostle (SAW) heard them while he was in his house. So he lifted the curtain of his room and called Kab bin Malik saying, "O Kab!" He replied, "Labbaik! O Allah's Apostle (SAW)!" He beckoned to him with his hand suggesting that he deduct half the debt. Kab said, "I agree, O Allah's Apostle (SAW)!" Allah's Apostle (SAW) then said (to Ibn Abu Hadrad), "Get up and pay him the rest."
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Aisha told me, "Allah's Apostle (SAW) used to examine them according to this Verse: "O you who believe! When the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them.... (up to)... Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (60.10-12) Aisha said, "When any of them agreed to that condition Allah's Apostle (SAW) would say to her, 'I have accepted your pledge of Baia (pledge).' He would only say that, but, by Allah he never touched the hand of any women (i.e. never shook hands with them) while taking the Baia (allegiance) and he never took their Baia (pledge) except by his words (only)."
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When I gave the Baia (pledge of allegiance) to Allah's Apostle (SAW), he stipulated that I should should be sincere and true to every Muslim.
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