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from his father, that he heard Talhah bin Ubaidullah say: "A man from the people of Najd came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) with unkempt hair. We could hear him talking loudly but we could not understand what he was saying until he came closer. He was asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him: 'Five prayers each day and night.' He said: 'Do I have to do anything else?' He said: 'No, unless you do it voluntarily.' He said: 'And fasting the month of Ramadan.' He said: 'Do I have to do anything else?' He said: 'No, unless you do it voluntarily.' And the Messenger of Allah (saw) mentioned Zakah to him, and he said: 'Do I have to do anything else?' he said: 'No, unless you do it voluntarily.' The man left saying: 'By Allah, I will not do any more than this or any less.' The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: 'He will achieve salvation, if he is speaking the truth.'" (Sahih)
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"I said to Abu Saeed Khudri: 'Did you hear the Messenger of Allah (saw) mention anything about the Haruriyyah (a sect of Khawarij?' He said: 'I heard him mention a people who would appear to be devoted worshippers: "Such that any one of you would regard his own prayer and fasting as insignificant when compared to theirs. But they will pass through Islam like an arrow passing through its target, then he (the archer) picks up his arrow and looks at its Iron head but does not see anything, then he looks at the shaft and does not see anything then he looks at the band: that which is wrapped around the Iron head where it is connected to the shaft, then he looks at the feather and is not sure whether he sees anything or not." (Sahih)
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A man asked the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him): Messenger of Allah, we travel on the sea and take a small quantity of water with us. If we use this for ablution, we would suffer from thirst. Can we perform ablution with sea water? The Messenger (peace_be_upon_him) replied: Its water is pure and what dies in it is lawful food.
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"The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade the Muzabanah. The Muzdbanah means when a man sells the dates of his grove when they are still on the tree, for a measure of dty dates; or, if it is grapes, he sells them when they are still on the vine, for a measure of raisins; or if it is a crop, he sells it for food, estimating the amount (of the crop in the field). He forbade all of these things."
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard the people of knowledge telling people not to fast on the day in Shaban when there was doubt (about whether it was Shaban or Ramadan), if they intended by it the fast of Ramadan . They considered that whoever fasted on that day without having seen (the new moon) had to make up that day if it later became clear that it was part of Ramadan. They did not see any harm in voluntary fasting on that day. Malik said, "This is what we do, and what I have seen the people of knowledge in our city doing."
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A man came and asked Allah's Apostle (SAW) about picking a lost thing. The Prophet (SAW) said, "Remember the description of its container and the string it is tied with, and make public announcement about it for one year. If the owner shows up, give it to him; otherwise, do whatever you like with it." He then asked, "What about a lost sheep?" The Prophet (SAW) said, "It is for you, for your brother (i.e. its owner), or for the wolf." He further asked, "What about a lost camel?" The Prophet (SAW) said, "It is none of your concern. It has its water-container (reservoir) and its feet, and it will reach water and drink it and eat the trees till its owner finds it."
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(freed slave of) Ziyad: I heard Abu Said Al-khudri narrating four things from the Prophet and I appreciated them very much. He said, conveying the words of the Prophet. (1) "A woman should not go on a two day journey except with her husband or a Dhi-Mahram. (2) No fasting is permissible on two days: 'Id-ul-Fitr and 'Id-ul-Adha. (3) No prayer after two prayers, i.e. after the Fajr prayer till the sunrises and after the 'Asr prayer till the sun sets. (4) Do not prepare yourself for a journey except to three Mosques, i.e. Al-Masjid-AI-Haram, the Mosque of Aqsa (Jerusalem) and my Mosque."
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"The Messenger of Allah (saw) entered upon Aisha, when I was with her, and said: 'Is there any food?' She said: 'We have bread, dates and vinegar.' The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: 'What a blessed condiment vinegar is. O Allah, bless vinegar, for it was the condiment of the Prophets before me, and no house will ever be poor in which there is vinegar.'"
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"I saw the Messenger of Allah (saw) stoning the 'Aqabah Pillar from the bottom of the valley on the Day of Sacrifice, then he went away. A woman from Khath'am followed him, and with her was a son of hers who had been afflicted, he could not speak. She said: 'O Messenger of Allah! This is my son, and he is all I have left of my family. He has been afflicted and cannot speak.' The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: 'Bring me some water.' So it was brought, and he washed his hands and rinsed out his mouth. Then he gave it to her and said: 'Give him some to drink, and pour some over him, and seek Allah's healing for him.'" She (Umm Jundub) said: "I met that woman and said: 'Why don't you give me some?' She said: 'It is only for the sick one.' I met that woman one year later and asked her about the boy. She said: 'He recovered and became (very) smart, not like the rest of the people.'"
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he asked Ibn Shihab about the dhihar of a slave. He said, "It is like the dhihar of a free man." Malik said, "He meant that the same conditions were applied in both cases." Malik said, "The dhihar of the slave is incumbent on him, and the fasting of the slave in the dhihar is two months. " Malik said that there was no ila for a slave who pronounced a dhihar from his wife. That was because if he were to fast the kaffara for pronouncing a dhihar, the divorce of the ila would come to him before he had finished the fast.
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