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Hadith No: 886
From: Sahih Bukhari. Chapter 51, Peacemaking (Reconciliation)
Narrated/Authority of Jabir bin Abdullah
My father died and was in debt. I suggested that his creditors take the fruits (i.e. dates) of my garden in lieu of the debt of my father, but they refused the offer, as they thought that it would not cover the full debt. So, I went to the Prophet (SAW) and told him about it. He said (to me), "When you pluck the dates and collect them in the Mirbad (i.e. a place where dates are dried), call me (Allah's Apostle (SAW))." Finally he came accompanied by Abu Bakr and Umar and sat on the dates and invoked Allah to bless them. Then he said, "Call your creditors and give them their full rights." So, I paid all my father's creditors in full and yet thirteen extra Wasqs of dates remained, seven of which were Ajwa and six were Laun or six of which were Ajwa and seven were Laun. I met Allah's Apostle (SAW) at sunset and informed him about it. On that he smiled and said, "Go to Abu Bakr and Umar and tell them about it." They said, "We perceived that was going to happen, as Allah's Apostle (SAW) did what he did."
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Hadith No: 2406
From: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 18, The Chapters on Charity
Narrated/Authority of Ibn Abbas
That during the time of the Messenger of Allah (saw), a man pursued a debtor who owed him ten Dinar, and he said: "I do not have anything to give you." He (the creditor) said: "No, by Allah, I will not leave you until you pay the debt or you bring me a guarantor." Then he dragged him to the Prophet (saw) and the Prophet (saw) said to him: "How long will you wait?" He said: "One month." The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: "I will be a guarantor for him." Then he came to him at the time the Prophet (saw) had said, and the Prophet (saw) said to him: "Where did you get this from?" He said: "From a mine." He said: "There is nothing good in it," and he paid the debt for him. Hasan
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Hadith No: 887
From: Sahih Bukhari. Chapter 51, Peacemaking (Reconciliation)
Narrated/Authority of Abdullah bin Kab
That Kab bin Malik told him that in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle (SAW) he demanded his debt from Ibn Abu Hadrad in the Mosque. Their voices grew louder till Allah's Apostle (SAW) heard them while he was in his house. So he lifted the curtain of his room and called Kab bin Malik saying, "O Kab!" He replied, "Labbaik! O Allah's Apostle (SAW)!" He beckoned to him with his hand suggesting that he deduct half the debt. Kab said, "I agree, O Allah's Apostle (SAW)!" Allah's Apostle (SAW) then said (to Ibn Abu Hadrad), "Get up and pay him the rest."
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Hadith No: 491
From: Sahih Bukhari. Chapter 38, Transferance of a Debt from One Person to Another (Al-Hawaala)
Narrated/Authority of Salama bin Al-Akwa
Once, we were sitting in the company of the Prophet (SAW), a dead body was brought. The Prophet (SAW) was requested to lead the funeral salat (prayer) for the deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The people replied in the negative. He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." So, he led his funeral prayer. Another dead person was brought and the people said, "O Allah's Messenger! Lead his funeral salat (prayer)." The Prophet (SAW) said, "Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "Three Dinar." So, he led the funeral prayer. Then a third dead person was brought and the people said (to the prophet), "Please lead his funeral prayer." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." He asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, ("yes! He has to pay) three Dinar." He [refused to offer funeral salat (prayer) and] said, "Then offer salat for your (dead) companion." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's Messenger! Lead his funeral prayer, and I will pay his debt." So, he led the salat (prayer).
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Hadith No: 86
From: Imam Malik's Muwatta. Chapter 31, Business Transactions
Narrated/Authority of
Malik related to me from Musa ibn Maysara that he heard a man ask Said ibn al-Musayyab, "I am a man who sells for a debt." Said said, "Do not sell except for what you take to your camel." Malik spoke about a person who bought goods from a man provided that he provide him with those goods by a specific date, either in time for a market in which he hoped for their saleability, or to fulfil a need at the time he stipulated. Then the seller failed him about the date, and the buyer wanted to return those goods to the seller. Malik said, "The buyer cannot do that, and the sale is binding on him. If the seller does bring the goods before the completion of the term, the buyer cannot be forced to take them." Malik spoke about a person who bought food and measured it. Then some one came to him to buy it and he told him that he had measured it for himself and taken it in full. The new buyer wanted to trust him and accept his measure. Malik said, "Whatever is sold in this way for cash has no harm in it but whatever is sold in this way on delayed terms is disapproved of until the new buyer measures it out for himself. The sale with delayed terms is disapproved of because it leads to usury and it is feared that it will be circulated in this way without weight or measure. If the terms are delayed it is disapproved of and there is no disagreement about that with us." Malik said, "One should not buy a debt owed by a man whether present or absent, without the confirmation of the one who owes the debt, nor should one buy a debt owed to a man by a dead person even if one knows what the deceased man has left. That is because to buy that is an uncertain transaction and one does not know whether the transaction will be completed or not completed." He said, "The explanation of what is disapproved of in buying a debt owed by someone absent or dead, is that it is not known what unknown debtor may be connected to the dead person. If the dead person is liable for another debt, the price which the buyer gave on strength of the debt may become worthless." Malik said, "There is another fault in that as well. He is buying something which is not guaranteed for him, and so if the deal is not completed, what he paid becomes worthless. This is an uncertain transaction and it is not good." Malik said, "One distinguishes between a man who is only selling what he actually has and a man who is being paid in advance for something which is not yet in his possession. The man advancing the money brings his gold which he intends to buy with. The seller says, 'This is 10 dinars. What do you want me to buy for you with it?' It is as if he sold 10 dinars cash for 15 dinars to be paid later. Because of this, it is disapproved of. It is something leading to usury and fraud."
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Hadith No: 795
From: Sahih Bukhari. Chapter 12, Characteristics of Prayer
Narrated/Authority of Aisha
(the wife of the Prophet) Allah's Apostle used to invoke Allah in the prayer saying "Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min adhabil-qabri, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-masihid-dajjal, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-mahya wa fitnatil-mamati. Allahumma inni a'udhu bika minal-ma thami wal-maghrami. (O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave and from the afflictions of Masi,h Ad-Dajjal and from the afflictions of life and death. O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the sins and from being in debt)." Somebody said to him, "Why do you so frequently seek refuge with Allah from being in debt?" The Prophet replied, "A person in debt tells lies whenever he speaks, and breaks promises whenever he makes (them)." 'Aisha also narrated: I heard Allah's Apostle in his prayer seeking refuge with Allah from the afflictions of Ad-dajjal.
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Hadith No: 77
From: Sahih Bukhari. Chapter 29, Penalty of Hunting while on Pilgrimage
Narrated/Authority of Ibn Abbas
A woman from the tribe of Juhaina came to the Prophet and said, "My mother had vowed to perform Hajj but she died before performing it. May I perform Hajj on my mother's behalf?" The Prophet replied, "Perform Hajj on her behalf. Had there been a debt on your mother, would you have paid it or not? So, pay Allah's debt as He has more right to be paid."
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Hadith No: 2778
From: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 27, The Chapters on Jihad
Narrated/Authority of Sulaim bin Amr
I heard Abu Umamah saying: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: "The martyr at sea is like two martyrs on land, and the one who suffers seasickness is like one who gets drenched in his own blood on land. The time spent between one wave and the next is like a lifetime spent in obedience to Allah. Allah has appointed the Angel of Death to seize souls, except for the martyr at sea, for Allah Himself seizes their souls. He forgives the martyrs on land for all sins except debt, but (He forgives) the martyr at sea all his sins and his debt."
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Hadith No: 2365
From: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 16, The Chapters on Testimonies
Narrated/Authority of
It was narrated that: Abu Said Al-Khudri recited this Verse: "O you who believe! When you contract a debt for a fixed period..." until: "then if one of you entrusts the other." Then he said: "This abrogates what came before."
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Hadith No: 91
From: Imam Malik's Muwatta. Chapter 31, Business Transactions
Narrated/Authority of
Malik related to me from Humayd ibn Qays al-Makki that Mujahid said, "Abdullah ibn Umar borrowed some dirhams from a man, then he discharged his debt with dirhams better than them. The man said, 'Abu Abdar-Rahman. These are better than the dirhams which I lent you.' Abdullah ibn Umar said, 'I know that. But I am happy with myself about that.' " Malik said, "There is no harm in a person who has borrowed gold, silver, food, or animals, taking to the person who lent it, something better than what he lent, when that is not a stipulation between them nor a custom. If that is by a stipulation or promise or custom, then it is disapproved, and there is no good in it." He said, "That is because the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, discharged his debt with a good camel in its seventh year in place of a young camel which he borrowed, and Abdullah ibn Umar borrowed some dirhams, and repaid them with better ones. If that is from the goodness of the borrower, and it is not by a stipulation, promise, or custom, it is halal and there is no harm in it."
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