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that Allah's Messenger (SAW) said, "The most excellent fast after the month of Ramadan is (the fast) in the month of Allah, Muhurram. And the most excellent prayer after the obligatory prayers is the salah in the night." [Ahmed 8542, Muslim 1163, Abu Dawud 2429]
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Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever prayed at night the whole month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven." Ibn Shihab (a sub-narrator) said, "Allah's Apostle (SAW) died and the people continued observing that (i.e. Nawafil offered individually, not in congregation), and it remained as it was during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr and in the early days of Umar's Caliphate." Abdur Rahman bin Abdul Qari said, "I went out in the company of Umar bin Al-Khattab one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, Umar said, 'In my opinion I would better collect these (people) under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!)'. So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind Ubai bin Kab. Then on another night I went again in his company and the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, Umar remarked, 'What an excellent Bida (i.e. innovation in religion) this is; but the prayer which they do not perform, but sleep at its time is better than the one they are offering.' He meant the prayer in the last part of the night. (In those days) people used to pray in the early part of the night."
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"The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: 'The most excellent of you is the one who learns the Quran and teaches it.'" (Sahih)
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that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: (According to one of the narrators) Shu'bah (he) said: 'The best of you' (and according to) Sufyan (he) said: "The most excellent of you is the one who learns the Qur'an and teaches it." (Sahih)
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that the Prophet was asked, "Which salah is excellent?" He said, (The one with a) lengthy qiyam (standing)." [Ahmed 14237, Muslim 756, Ibn e Majah 1421]
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from Malik bin Sa'sa'ah, that the Prophet (saw) said: "While I was at the Kabah, in a state between sleep and wakefulness, three men came, and one of them who was in the middle came toward me. I was brought a basin of gold, filled with wisdom and faith, and he slit open from the throat to the lower abdomen, and washed the heart with Zamzam water, then - "it was filled with wisdom and faith. Then I was brought a riding-beast, smaller than a mule and bigger than a donkey. I set off with Jibril, peace be upon him, and we came to the lowest heaven. It was said: 'Who is this?' He said: 'Jibril.' It was said: 'Who is with you?' He said: 'Muhammad (SAW).' It was said: 'Has (revelation) been sent to him? Welcome to him, what an excellent visit his is.' I came to Adam, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent son and Prophet.' Then we came to the second heaven and it was said: 'Who is this?' He said: 'Jibrail.'* It was said: 'Who is with you?' He said: 'Muhammad (SAW).' And the same exchange took place. I came to Yahya and Eisa, peace be upon them both, and greeted them, and they said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent brother and Prophet.' Then we came to the third heaven and it was said: 'Who is this?' He said: 'Jibrail.' It was said: 'Who is with you?' He said: 'Muhammad (SAW).' And the same exchange took place. I came to Yusuf, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent brother and Prophet.' Then we came to the fourth heaven and the same exchange took place. I came to Eidris, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent brother and Prophet.' Then we came to the fifth heaven and the same exchange took place. I came to Harun, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent brother and Prophet.' Then we came to the sixth heaven and the same exchange took place. I came to Musa, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent brother and Prophet.' When I passed him, he wept, and it was said: 'Why are you weeping?' He said: 'O Lord, this young man whom You have sent after me, more of his Ummah will enter Paradise than from my nation, and they will be more virtuous than them.' Then we came to the seventh heaven and a similar exchange took place. I came to Ibrahim, peace be upon him, and greeted him, and he said: 'Welcome to you! What an excellent son and Prophet.' Then I was taken up to the Oft-Frequented House (Al-Bait al-Mamur) and I asked Jibrail about it, and he said: 'This is Al-Bait al-Mamur in which seventy thousand angels pray every day, and when they leave it they never come back.' Then I was taken up to Sidrah Al-Muntaha (the Lote-Tree of the Utmost Boundary). Its fruits were like the Qilal** of Hajar and its leaves were like the ears of elephants. At its base were four rivers: Two hidden rivers and two manifest rivers. I asked Jibrail (about them) and he said: 'The two hidden ones are in Paradise, and the two manifest ones are the Euphrates and the Nile.' Then fifty prayers were enjoined on me. I came to Musa and he said: 'What happened?' I said: 'Fifty prayers have been enjoined upon me.' He said: 'I know more about the people than you. I tried hard with the Children of Israel. Your Ummah will never be able to bear that. Go back to your Lord and ask Him to reduce it for you.' So I went back to my Lord and asked Him to reduce it, and He made it forty. Then I went back to Musa, peace be upon him, and he said: 'What happened?' I said: 'He made it forty.' He said to me something similar to what he said the first time, so I went back to my Lord and He made it thirty. I came to Musa, peace be upon him, and he said something similar to what he said the first time, so I went back to my Lord and He made it twenty, then ten, then five. I came to Musa, peace be upon him, and he said to me something like he had said the first time, but I said: 'I feel too shy before my Lord to go back to Him.' Then it was called out: 'I have decreed (the reward for) My obligation, and I have reduced the burden for My slaves, and I will give ten-fold reward for each good deed.'" *It is like this here, while it is Jibrail the first time it appears in this narration, and Jibrail is often used in the Hadith literature. **Plural of Qullah. [As explained under Hadith no. 52: It comes with some explanation in Sunan At-Tirmidhi: Abdah (one of the narrators) said: "Muhammad bin Ishaq said: 'A Qullah refers to Jirar (These are two nouns describing large casks that are used to hold water), and a Qullah is the thing that drinking water is held in.'" At-Tirmidhi said: "This is the saying of Ash-Shafii, Ahmad and Ishaq. They say that when the water is two Qullahs then nothing makes it impure, as long as it does not change its smell, and its taste. And they say, it is approximately fifty Qirbahs (waterskins)."]
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reported that Allah's Messenger (SAW) said, "The salah of one praying with the congregation is more excellent by twenty- five degrees than his praying alone." [Ahmed 5332, Muslim 649, Nisai 833 Bukhari 645]
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Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n-Nadr, the mawla of Umar ibn Ubaydullah from Yusr ibn Said that Zayd ibn Thabit said, "The most excellent prayer is your prayer in your house, except for the prescribed prayers."
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reported that Allah Messenger (SAW) said, "Salah offered with the congregation is twenty-seven ranks more excellent than that offered individually." [Ahmed 5683, Muslim 650, Ibn e Majah 789, Bukhari 645]
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Qasim ibn Ghannam reported from his paternal aunt Sayyidah Umm Farwah (RA) who had sworn allegiance to the Prophet (SAW)that the Prophet (SAW) was asked what act was the most excellent. He said, "To observe Salah at the earliest time for it." [Abu Dawud 426]
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