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that he heard Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan on the pulpit saying: "The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to say from the pulpit, before the month of Ramadan: 'Fasting will begin on such and such a day, but we are going to start fasting earlier, so whoever wants to start fasting earlier (i.e., in Shaban), let him do so, and whoever wants to wait until Ramadan begins, let him do so.'" Daif
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Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Umar ibn al-Khattab, if he was travelling in Ramadan and knew that he would reach Madina at the begining of the day ,would do so fasting. Yahya said that Malik said, "Someone who is travelling and knows that he will be reaching his people in the first part of the day, and then dawn breaks before he gets there, should be fasting when he gets there." Malik said, "Someone who intends to go away (on a journey) in Ramadan, and then dawn breaks while he is still on his land before he has left, should fast that day." Malik said that a man who returns from a journey in Ramadan and is not fasting may have sexual intercourse with his wife if he wishes, if she is not fasting and she has just become pure after her menses.
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that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: 'Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before, except for a man who has a habitual pattern of fasting, in which case let him fast." Sahih
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Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "By the One in Whose hand my self is, the smell of the breath of a man fasting is better with Allah than the scent of musk.' He leaves his desires and his food and drink for My sake. Fasting is for Me and I reward it. Every good action is rewarded by ten times its kind, up to seven hundred times, except fasting, which is for Me, and I reward it.' "
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from his father that: The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to enjoin fasting the bright days - the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth (when the moon is full). He said: "It is like fasting for a lifetime." Sahih
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"I heard Fadalah bin Ubaid Al-Ansari narrating that the Prophet (saw) came out to them on a day when he was fasting. He called for a vessel and drank. We said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you were fasting today.' He said: 'Yes, but I vomited.'" Sahih
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that the Prophet (saw) said: "If anyone of you is invited to eat when he is fasting, let him say: 'I am fasting.'" Hasan
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Allah's Apostle used to fast till one would say that he would never stop fasting, and he would abandon fasting till one would say that he would never fast. I never saw Allah's Apostle fasting for a whole month except the month of Ramadan, and did not see him fasting in any month more than in the month of Shaban.
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"The Messenger of Allah (saw) would enter upon me and say: 'Do you have anything (any food)?' If we said: 'No,' he would say: 'Then I am fasting.' So he would continue fasting, then it we were given some food, he would break his fast." She said: "Sometimes he would fast and (then) break fast (i.e., combine fasting and breaking fast in one day)." I said: "How is that?" She said: "Like the one who goes out with charity (i.e., something to give in charity),and he gives some away and keeps some." Sahih
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that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: "When anyone of you is fasting, let him not utter evil or ignorant speech. If anyone speaks to him in an ignorant manner, let him say: 'I am fasting.'" Sahih
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